From Howard's Garden City Movement to Zero-Carbon New Towns in the postgrowth era: the case of New Town development in the context of carbon neutrality of Shanghai

Abstract

Shanghai's urban development has transitioned from traditional New Towns to the emergence of zero- carbon New Towns, driven by a commitment to carbon neutrality by 2060. This transition reflects a broader shift towards sustainability and decarbonization in urban planning. Five major New Towns around Shanghai embody this shift, focusing on renewable energy, green infrastructure, and low-carbon living. Key indicators guide their development, emphasizing mixed land use, energy-efficient buildings, sustainable transportation, waste management, and climate resilience. Effective implementation mechanisms, supported by policy, finance, and community engagement, ensure the realization of low-carbon goals. Shanghai's journey towards zero-carbon New Towns highlights a proactive approach to address climate change while creating livable, resilient urban environments. Key words: New Town development, carbon neutrality, sustainable development, carbon reduction