Exploring the Application and Challenges of Urban Planning Legal Systems Guided by Nature-Based Solutions: A Case Study of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan

Abstract

This study focuses on examining Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) within urban planning across different spatial scales in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, particularly evaluating the content of planning regulations and their implementation strength. By constructing an NbS relevance matrix and integrating the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) framework, the study conducts regional risk and potential analyses to assess the feasibility of planning strategies in each area. The findings indicate that the incorporation of NbS in spatial planning regulations remains insufficiently systematic. Therefore, the study recommends promoting the mainstreaming of NbS through institutional reforms and enhancing climate adaptation and sustainable urban transformation by referencing international case studies and strengthening multi-level governance.