Barriers and Drivers in Collaborative Planning Projects: A Comparative Study of Transformation Projects with Cultural Heritage in the Netherlands

Abstract

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities in collaborative planning processes for urban redevelopment projects involving cultural heritage in the Netherlands. Through an exploratory study of ten cases, the research identifies key barriers—such as difficulties in reaching financial agreements—and drivers that shape stakeholder interaction. The analysis highlights how cooperation and competition alternate throughout the process and how project and interaction characteristics influence outcomes. The findings provide insights for improving processes and developing more effective approaches to complex transformation projects with cultural heritage.