Urban Wilderness Protection and Creation in China

Abstract

Urban wilderness areas—natural spaces minimally impacted by human activity—are increasingly vital in China’s rapidly urbanising cities. They offer key ecosystem services such as air and water purification, carbon sequestration, and urban cooling, while supporting biodiversity and providing public recreation. This study explores how integrating urban wilderness into Chinese urban planning can balance development and ecological preservation. Using interdisciplinary methods to assess wilderness contributions to resilience and livability. Case studies from Hangzhou, Shanghai, Lanzhou, and Yueyang illustrate effective strategies including native vegetation restoration, sustainable recreation infrastructure, and environmental education. Public accessibility and awareness are emphasised to foster environmental stewardship. Aligning wilderness conservation with China’s urban planning goals supports ecological health and long-term sustainability, offering insights for policymakers, planners, and communities seeking greener, more resilient urban futures.