Cross-Scale Transactions and Multi-Level Governance on Spatial Gains of Commons: A Comparative Study from Türkiye

Abstract

In the current era of intersecting global crises, crisis discourse has evolved to encompass holistic and inclusive frameworks. Terms such as “planetary crisis,” “Anthropocene crisis,” “Capitalocene crisis,” “polycrisis,” “meta-crisis,” “cumulative crisis,” and “technological crisis” reflect the multidimensional nature of these challenges. These crises manifest across multiple scales and generate profound social, political, economic, and spatial transformations. This study takes the 2008 global crisis as a paradigmatic moment and examines the social movements in Turkey that have catalyzed radical spatial and political change. It investigates how actors operating at different scales have responded to spatial interventions, the dynamics of cross-scalar interactions, the spatial gains achieved through these struggles, and how these gains have reshaped the meaning and character of space.