Research on the Tourism Development Path of Human-Habitat World Heritage from the Perspective of Space Production: A Case Study of Pingyao Ancient City

Abstract

Human-Habitat World Heritage, as a form of living heritage, embodies dual attributes of “heritage” and “habitat.” Driven by economic restructuring and urbanisation, it is transitioning from “everyday residential use” to “tourism-driven development,” facing challenges of conservation and development. This study, based on Pingyao Ancient City, employs the triadic dialectics of spatial production alongside policy analysis, historical archives, field surveys, and oral histories to construct its transformation narrative. Findings reveal that Pingyao achieved physical space reproduction through planning and business adjustments, strengthened cultural identity via conservation policies and cultural festivals, and expressed social space through community participation and visitor interaction. This process has enhanced cultural and social values while driving sustainable development. Through Pingyao’s practical paradigm, this study establishes a theoretical framework for balancing conservation and development, offering insights for managing similar heritage sites globally.