Smart Use of Space: How to Deal with the Growing Pressure of Urbanization in Flanders

Abstract

The paper analyses strategies for sustainable spatial development in Flanders, one of the most densely urbanised regions in Europe. Projections suggest that by 2050 up to 50% of the territory could be built-up, increasing pressure on greenfield areas. Within the framework of the Spatial Policy Plan Flanders 2020–2050, the concept of “smart use of space” is introduced, inspired by the “Three R principle” of reduce, reuse, recycle. The study, commissioned by the Flemish Spatial Planning Department, broadens the notion of reuse beyond brownfields to include all previously developed land (PDL). Through case studies and GIS analysis, the research identifies reusable spaces, quantifies their extent, and develops spatial typologies to guide policy. The findings indicate that prioritising PDL can significantly reduce greenfield development and contribute to more sustainable land use.