Intelligent plans for intelligent cities

Abstract

This paper explores the concept of intelligent cities (IC) and introduces the notion of intelligent plans (IP) as a key component in their development. Building on the evolution of digital cities since the 1990s, the authors emphasise the role of information and communication technologies, intelligent systems, and participatory processes in fostering collective urban intelligence. The intelligent plan is presented as a framework that integrates planning processes, plans, and territories with evaluation methods (ex post, ongoing, and ex ante). Its attributes include ongoing monitoring, preserving memory, visioning the future, and promoting strong interaction between local authorities and urban actors. The paper argues that intelligent plans, supported by ICT and Web-based GIS, can enhance citizen engagement, improve governance, and increase the effectiveness of planning in response to the challenges of intelligent cities.