Assessing Climate Change Adaptability and Risk in Italian Territories Using Open Data

Abstract

This study evaluates climate adaptability and risk across Italy using two open-data-based indices: the Climate Change Adaptability Index (CCAI) and the Climate Change Risk Index (CCRI). The CCAI measures resilience by balancing climate exposure (e.g., heatwaves, droughts) with adaptive capacity indicators (e.g., tree cover, soil permeability). The CCRI combines similar climate hazards with socio-economic vulnerability. Results reveal strong regional disparities as northern Italy shows greater adaptability, while southern regions face heightened risk. The territorial disparities are visible as well since inner and peripheral areas consistently exhibit lower adaptability and higher risk, while intermediate and metropolitan zones show more mixed profiles. This dual-index approach integrates environmental and socio-economic dimensions, offering a replicable method for territorial assessments. Findings show the value of open data and cross-sectoral governance for guiding sustainable, resilient urban and regional adaptation policies.