Housing Rights of Women in Former Socialist Countries in Eastern Europe: An Analysis of Human Rights Discourses under ICESCR and CEDAW

Abstract

The paper examines housing rights of women in ten former socialist countries in Eastern Europe (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Belarus, Slovakia, and Ukraine) within the framework of international human rights treaties ICESCR and CEDAW. Drawing on States Parties Reports and Concluding Observations, the study analyses how women’s housing rights are addressed in the context of post-socialist transformation and privatization. While laws are often formally gender-neutral, the findings show limited recognition of women’s specific needs and vulnerabilities, with gaps in statistical data and reporting. The analysis highlights de facto discrimination through inadequate access to housing, social benefits, and protection against domestic violence. It concludes that further gender-sensitive housing policies and more detailed monitoring are needed to align national laws with global human rights standards.