Multiculturality in Lisbon: Migration, Integration Policies, and Urban Space

Abstract

Migration is an urban reality closely tied to multiculturalism, an evolving set of political strategies requiring rethinking immigrants’ social and spatial integration. In Portugal, over 9% of the population are foreign nationals, reaching 11% in Lisbon, where inclusion poses unique challenges. Lisbon, with its rich multicultural history, aims to become an inclusive city, ranking first in the European Council’s Intercultural Cities Index in 2014 and 2018. Its 2023–2027 strategy emphasizes citizen participation through budgeting and councils, yet spatial integration policies need deeper analysis. While traditional integration focuses on employment, housing, and rights, spatial justice for less-privileged migrants remains under-addressed. This study examines participatory urban projects like Martim Moniz and Almirante Reis to assess who is included in these processes. Findings highlight a design focus and overrepresentation of Portuguese voices, urging reflection on urbanists’ role in fostering inclusive spaces.